mirror-linux/include/linux/compiler-context-analysis.h

437 lines
16 KiB
C

/* SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0 */
/*
* Macros and attributes for compiler-based static context analysis.
*/
#ifndef _LINUX_COMPILER_CONTEXT_ANALYSIS_H
#define _LINUX_COMPILER_CONTEXT_ANALYSIS_H
#if defined(WARN_CONTEXT_ANALYSIS) && !defined(__CHECKER__) && !defined(__GENKSYMS__)
/*
* These attributes define new context lock (Clang: capability) types.
* Internal only.
*/
# define __ctx_lock_type(name) __attribute__((capability(#name)))
# define __reentrant_ctx_lock __attribute__((reentrant_capability))
# define __acquires_ctx_lock(...) __attribute__((acquire_capability(__VA_ARGS__)))
# define __acquires_shared_ctx_lock(...) __attribute__((acquire_shared_capability(__VA_ARGS__)))
# define __try_acquires_ctx_lock(ret, var) __attribute__((try_acquire_capability(ret, var)))
# define __try_acquires_shared_ctx_lock(ret, var) __attribute__((try_acquire_shared_capability(ret, var)))
# define __releases_ctx_lock(...) __attribute__((release_capability(__VA_ARGS__)))
# define __releases_shared_ctx_lock(...) __attribute__((release_shared_capability(__VA_ARGS__)))
# define __returns_ctx_lock(var) __attribute__((lock_returned(var)))
/*
* The below are used to annotate code being checked. Internal only.
*/
# define __excludes_ctx_lock(...) __attribute__((locks_excluded(__VA_ARGS__)))
# define __requires_ctx_lock(...) __attribute__((requires_capability(__VA_ARGS__)))
# define __requires_shared_ctx_lock(...) __attribute__((requires_shared_capability(__VA_ARGS__)))
/*
* The "assert_capability" attribute is a bit confusingly named. It does not
* generate a check. Instead, it tells the analysis to *assume* the capability
* is held. This is used for augmenting runtime assertions, that can then help
* with patterns beyond the compiler's static reasoning abilities.
*/
# define __assumes_ctx_lock(...) __attribute__((assert_capability(__VA_ARGS__)))
# define __assumes_shared_ctx_lock(...) __attribute__((assert_shared_capability(__VA_ARGS__)))
/**
* __guarded_by - struct member and globals attribute, declares variable
* only accessible within active context
*
* Declares that the struct member or global variable is only accessible within
* the context entered by the given context lock. Read operations on the data
* require shared access, while write operations require exclusive access.
*
* .. code-block:: c
*
* struct some_state {
* spinlock_t lock;
* long counter __guarded_by(&lock);
* };
*/
# define __guarded_by(...) __attribute__((guarded_by(__VA_ARGS__)))
/**
* __pt_guarded_by - struct member and globals attribute, declares pointed-to
* data only accessible within active context
*
* Declares that the data pointed to by the struct member pointer or global
* pointer is only accessible within the context entered by the given context
* lock. Read operations on the data require shared access, while write
* operations require exclusive access.
*
* .. code-block:: c
*
* struct some_state {
* spinlock_t lock;
* long *counter __pt_guarded_by(&lock);
* };
*/
# define __pt_guarded_by(...) __attribute__((pt_guarded_by(__VA_ARGS__)))
/**
* context_lock_struct() - declare or define a context lock struct
* @name: struct name
*
* Helper to declare or define a struct type that is also a context lock.
*
* .. code-block:: c
*
* context_lock_struct(my_handle) {
* int foo;
* long bar;
* };
*
* struct some_state {
* ...
* };
* // ... declared elsewhere ...
* context_lock_struct(some_state);
*
* Note: The implementation defines several helper functions that can acquire
* and release the context lock.
*/
# define context_lock_struct(name, ...) \
struct __ctx_lock_type(name) __VA_ARGS__ name; \
static __always_inline void __acquire_ctx_lock(const struct name *var) \
__attribute__((overloadable)) __no_context_analysis __acquires_ctx_lock(var) { } \
static __always_inline void __acquire_shared_ctx_lock(const struct name *var) \
__attribute__((overloadable)) __no_context_analysis __acquires_shared_ctx_lock(var) { } \
static __always_inline bool __try_acquire_ctx_lock(const struct name *var, bool ret) \
__attribute__((overloadable)) __no_context_analysis __try_acquires_ctx_lock(1, var) \
{ return ret; } \
static __always_inline bool __try_acquire_shared_ctx_lock(const struct name *var, bool ret) \
__attribute__((overloadable)) __no_context_analysis __try_acquires_shared_ctx_lock(1, var) \
{ return ret; } \
static __always_inline void __release_ctx_lock(const struct name *var) \
__attribute__((overloadable)) __no_context_analysis __releases_ctx_lock(var) { } \
static __always_inline void __release_shared_ctx_lock(const struct name *var) \
__attribute__((overloadable)) __no_context_analysis __releases_shared_ctx_lock(var) { } \
static __always_inline void __assume_ctx_lock(const struct name *var) \
__attribute__((overloadable)) __assumes_ctx_lock(var) { } \
static __always_inline void __assume_shared_ctx_lock(const struct name *var) \
__attribute__((overloadable)) __assumes_shared_ctx_lock(var) { } \
struct name
/**
* disable_context_analysis() - disables context analysis
*
* Disables context analysis. Must be paired with a later
* enable_context_analysis().
*/
# define disable_context_analysis() \
__diag_push(); \
__diag_ignore_all("-Wunknown-warning-option", "") \
__diag_ignore_all("-Wthread-safety", "") \
__diag_ignore_all("-Wthread-safety-pointer", "")
/**
* enable_context_analysis() - re-enables context analysis
*
* Re-enables context analysis. Must be paired with a prior
* disable_context_analysis().
*/
# define enable_context_analysis() __diag_pop()
/**
* __no_context_analysis - function attribute, disables context analysis
*
* Function attribute denoting that context analysis is disabled for the
* whole function. Prefer use of `context_unsafe()` where possible.
*/
# define __no_context_analysis __attribute__((no_thread_safety_analysis))
#else /* !WARN_CONTEXT_ANALYSIS */
# define __ctx_lock_type(name)
# define __reentrant_ctx_lock
# define __acquires_ctx_lock(...)
# define __acquires_shared_ctx_lock(...)
# define __try_acquires_ctx_lock(ret, var)
# define __try_acquires_shared_ctx_lock(ret, var)
# define __releases_ctx_lock(...)
# define __releases_shared_ctx_lock(...)
# define __assumes_ctx_lock(...)
# define __assumes_shared_ctx_lock(...)
# define __returns_ctx_lock(var)
# define __guarded_by(...)
# define __pt_guarded_by(...)
# define __excludes_ctx_lock(...)
# define __requires_ctx_lock(...)
# define __requires_shared_ctx_lock(...)
# define __acquire_ctx_lock(var) do { } while (0)
# define __acquire_shared_ctx_lock(var) do { } while (0)
# define __try_acquire_ctx_lock(var, ret) (ret)
# define __try_acquire_shared_ctx_lock(var, ret) (ret)
# define __release_ctx_lock(var) do { } while (0)
# define __release_shared_ctx_lock(var) do { } while (0)
# define __assume_ctx_lock(var) do { (void)(var); } while (0)
# define __assume_shared_ctx_lock(var) do { (void)(var); } while (0)
# define context_lock_struct(name, ...) struct __VA_ARGS__ name
# define disable_context_analysis()
# define enable_context_analysis()
# define __no_context_analysis
#endif /* WARN_CONTEXT_ANALYSIS */
/**
* context_unsafe() - disable context checking for contained code
*
* Disables context checking for contained statements or expression.
*
* .. code-block:: c
*
* struct some_data {
* spinlock_t lock;
* int counter __guarded_by(&lock);
* };
*
* int foo(struct some_data *d)
* {
* // ...
* // other code that is still checked ...
* // ...
* return context_unsafe(d->counter);
* }
*/
#define context_unsafe(...) \
({ \
disable_context_analysis(); \
__VA_ARGS__; \
enable_context_analysis() \
})
/**
* __context_unsafe() - function attribute, disable context checking
* @comment: comment explaining why opt-out is safe
*
* Function attribute denoting that context analysis is disabled for the
* whole function. Forces adding an inline comment as argument.
*/
#define __context_unsafe(comment) __no_context_analysis
/**
* context_unsafe_alias() - helper to insert a context lock "alias barrier"
* @p: pointer aliasing a context lock or object containing context locks
*
* No-op function that acts as a "context lock alias barrier", where the
* analysis rightfully detects that we're switching aliases, but the switch is
* considered safe but beyond the analysis reasoning abilities.
*
* This should be inserted before the first use of such an alias.
*
* Implementation Note: The compiler ignores aliases that may be reassigned but
* their value cannot be determined (e.g. when passing a non-const pointer to an
* alias as a function argument).
*/
#define context_unsafe_alias(p) _context_unsafe_alias((void **)&(p))
static inline void _context_unsafe_alias(void **p) { }
/**
* token_context_lock() - declare an abstract global context lock instance
* @name: token context lock name
*
* Helper that declares an abstract global context lock instance @name, but not
* backed by a real data structure (linker error if accidentally referenced).
* The type name is `__ctx_lock_@name`.
*/
#define token_context_lock(name, ...) \
context_lock_struct(__ctx_lock_##name, ##__VA_ARGS__) {}; \
extern const struct __ctx_lock_##name *name
/**
* token_context_lock_instance() - declare another instance of a global context lock
* @ctx: token context lock previously declared with token_context_lock()
* @name: name of additional global context lock instance
*
* Helper that declares an additional instance @name of the same token context
* lock class @ctx. This is helpful where multiple related token contexts are
* declared, to allow using the same underlying type (`__ctx_lock_@ctx`) as
* function arguments.
*/
#define token_context_lock_instance(ctx, name) \
extern const struct __ctx_lock_##ctx *name
/*
* Common keywords for static context analysis.
*/
/**
* __must_hold() - function attribute, caller must hold exclusive context lock
*
* Function attribute declaring that the caller must hold the given context
* lock instance(s) exclusively.
*/
#define __must_hold(...) __requires_ctx_lock(__VA_ARGS__)
/**
* __must_not_hold() - function attribute, caller must not hold context lock
*
* Function attribute declaring that the caller must not hold the given context
* lock instance(s).
*/
#define __must_not_hold(...) __excludes_ctx_lock(__VA_ARGS__)
/**
* __acquires() - function attribute, function acquires context lock exclusively
*
* Function attribute declaring that the function acquires the given context
* lock instance(s) exclusively, but does not release them.
*/
#define __acquires(...) __acquires_ctx_lock(__VA_ARGS__)
/*
* Clang's analysis does not care precisely about the value, only that it is
* either zero or non-zero. So the __cond_acquires() interface might be
* misleading if we say that @ret is the value returned if acquired. Instead,
* provide symbolic variants which we translate.
*/
#define __cond_acquires_impl_true(x, ...) __try_acquires##__VA_ARGS__##_ctx_lock(1, x)
#define __cond_acquires_impl_false(x, ...) __try_acquires##__VA_ARGS__##_ctx_lock(0, x)
#define __cond_acquires_impl_nonzero(x, ...) __try_acquires##__VA_ARGS__##_ctx_lock(1, x)
#define __cond_acquires_impl_0(x, ...) __try_acquires##__VA_ARGS__##_ctx_lock(0, x)
#define __cond_acquires_impl_nonnull(x, ...) __try_acquires##__VA_ARGS__##_ctx_lock(1, x)
#define __cond_acquires_impl_NULL(x, ...) __try_acquires##__VA_ARGS__##_ctx_lock(0, x)
/**
* __cond_acquires() - function attribute, function conditionally
* acquires a context lock exclusively
* @ret: abstract value returned by function if context lock acquired
* @x: context lock instance pointer
*
* Function attribute declaring that the function conditionally acquires the
* given context lock instance @x exclusively, but does not release it. The
* function return value @ret denotes when the context lock is acquired.
*
* @ret may be one of: true, false, nonzero, 0, nonnull, NULL.
*/
#define __cond_acquires(ret, x) __cond_acquires_impl_##ret(x)
/**
* __releases() - function attribute, function releases a context lock exclusively
*
* Function attribute declaring that the function releases the given context
* lock instance(s) exclusively. The associated context(s) must be active on
* entry.
*/
#define __releases(...) __releases_ctx_lock(__VA_ARGS__)
/**
* __acquire() - function to acquire context lock exclusively
* @x: context lock instance pointer
*
* No-op function that acquires the given context lock instance @x exclusively.
*/
#define __acquire(x) __acquire_ctx_lock(x)
/**
* __release() - function to release context lock exclusively
* @x: context lock instance pointer
*
* No-op function that releases the given context lock instance @x.
*/
#define __release(x) __release_ctx_lock(x)
/**
* __must_hold_shared() - function attribute, caller must hold shared context lock
*
* Function attribute declaring that the caller must hold the given context
* lock instance(s) with shared access.
*/
#define __must_hold_shared(...) __requires_shared_ctx_lock(__VA_ARGS__)
/**
* __acquires_shared() - function attribute, function acquires context lock shared
*
* Function attribute declaring that the function acquires the given
* context lock instance(s) with shared access, but does not release them.
*/
#define __acquires_shared(...) __acquires_shared_ctx_lock(__VA_ARGS__)
/**
* __cond_acquires_shared() - function attribute, function conditionally
* acquires a context lock shared
* @ret: abstract value returned by function if context lock acquired
* @x: context lock instance pointer
*
* Function attribute declaring that the function conditionally acquires the
* given context lock instance @x with shared access, but does not release it.
* The function return value @ret denotes when the context lock is acquired.
*
* @ret may be one of: true, false, nonzero, 0, nonnull, NULL.
*/
#define __cond_acquires_shared(ret, x) __cond_acquires_impl_##ret(x, _shared)
/**
* __releases_shared() - function attribute, function releases a
* context lock shared
*
* Function attribute declaring that the function releases the given context
* lock instance(s) with shared access. The associated context(s) must be
* active on entry.
*/
#define __releases_shared(...) __releases_shared_ctx_lock(__VA_ARGS__)
/**
* __acquire_shared() - function to acquire context lock shared
* @x: context lock instance pointer
*
* No-op function that acquires the given context lock instance @x with shared
* access.
*/
#define __acquire_shared(x) __acquire_shared_ctx_lock(x)
/**
* __release_shared() - function to release context lock shared
* @x: context lock instance pointer
*
* No-op function that releases the given context lock instance @x with shared
* access.
*/
#define __release_shared(x) __release_shared_ctx_lock(x)
/**
* __acquire_ret() - helper to acquire context lock of return value
* @call: call expression
* @ret_expr: acquire expression that uses __ret
*/
#define __acquire_ret(call, ret_expr) \
({ \
__auto_type __ret = call; \
__acquire(ret_expr); \
__ret; \
})
/**
* __acquire_shared_ret() - helper to acquire context lock shared of return value
* @call: call expression
* @ret_expr: acquire shared expression that uses __ret
*/
#define __acquire_shared_ret(call, ret_expr) \
({ \
__auto_type __ret = call; \
__acquire_shared(ret_expr); \
__ret; \
})
/*
* Attributes to mark functions returning acquired context locks.
*
* This is purely cosmetic to help readability, and should be used with the
* above macros as follows:
*
* struct foo { spinlock_t lock; ... };
* ...
* #define myfunc(...) __acquire_ret(_myfunc(__VA_ARGS__), &__ret->lock)
* struct foo *_myfunc(int bar) __acquires_ret;
* ...
*/
#define __acquires_ret __no_context_analysis
#define __acquires_shared_ret __no_context_analysis
#endif /* _LINUX_COMPILER_CONTEXT_ANALYSIS_H */